二、区域政府在供给侧运用三驾马车推动市场经济发展
II. A Regional Government Utilizes the Supply-side Troika to Boost Market Economy

凯恩斯在1936年出版的《就业、利息和货币通论》中提出一个国家要实现充分就业，促进经济增长，需要采取扩张性的财政政策，刺激投资和消费。在此之后，有学者从拉动经济、扩大就业的视角出发，提出用投资、消费、出口三方面发力的三驾马车拉动经济增长。

笔者的研究认为，凯恩斯的经济学理论在资源稀缺与资源生成方面存在一些问题。

笔者认为，资源生成与资源稀缺是资源配置中的一对孪生儿，是资源配置中不可分割的两个方面。

资源生成即生成性资源，它不是计划设定的产物，而是原已存在或随着时代进程客观需要存在，由静态进入动态、由非生产性进入生产性，并在其中形成经济效应的产物。

在对资源生成领域的开发和利用中，政府在供给侧形成以下三驾马车来推动市场经济发展。

(1)要素供给，包括有形要素(例如开发太空资源、深海资源、极地资源等)和无形要素(例如开发技术、数据资源等)；它涉及世界各国微观企业生产要素的内涵及其变革。

(2)环境供给，包括硬环境(例如投资城市基础设施、生态环保等)和软环境(例如制定政策措施、提高管理效率等)；它涉及世界各国营商环境的内涵及其变革。

(3)市场供给，包括市场横向体系(例如开拓产业经济、城市经济、国际经济等)和市场纵向体系(例如建设与完善市场要素、市场组织、市场法治、市场监管、市场环境、市场基础设施等)；它涉及世界各国市场领域的开拓与市场体系的完善，以及市场经济内涵的变革。

Keynes proposed in The General Theory of Employment , Interest, and Money published in 1936 that a country must adopt expansionary fiscal policies to stimulate investment and consumption in order to achieve full employment and boost economic growth. Since then, from the perspective of stimulating economy and expanding employment, scholars have put forward that it is wise use the troika (investment, consumption and export) to boost economic growth.

The author believes that Keynes′ economics is flawed in resource scarcity and resource generation.

Resource generation and resource scarcity are both inseparable aspects of resource allocation.

Resource generation, also known as generative resource, is not a planned product, but a product that already exists or must exist with the development of the times. It goes from being static to being dynamic and from being non-productive to being productive, and forms economic effects therewithin.

In the development and utilization of generative resource, the government forms the following troika on the supply side to promote the development of market economy.

(1) Supply of factor, including tangible factors (such as space resource, deep-sea resource, and polar region resource) and intangible factors (such as technology resource and data resource). It unveils the connotation and transformation process of micro enterprise′s factor of production in various countries around the world.

(2) Supply of environment, including hard environment (such as urban infrastructure and ecological protection) and soft environment (such as policies and management efficiency). It unveils the connotation and transformation process of business environment in various countries around the world.

(3) Supply of market, including the transverse market system (such as developing industrial economy, urban economy, and international economy) and the longitudinal market system (such as building and improving market factors, market organizations, market legal system, market supervision, market environment, and market infrastructure). It unveils the market development, market system improvement, and the transformation process of the connotation of market economy in various countries around the world.